Climate Central
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New Jersey Summary

U.S. Billion-Dollar Weather and Climate Disasters

CPI-Adjusted: All costs are adjusted for inflation to 2026 dollars using the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics' Consumer Price Index (CPI).

From 1982–2026, New Jersey experienced 82 billion-dollar events totaling $50B–100B in CPI-adjusted costs. The costliest year was 2012 ($20B–50B), and the most active year by count was 2024 (10 events). Risk Score accounted for the largest share of costs, while Risk Score was most frequent. Over the last 5 years, annual CPI-adjusted costs were down 77% versus the long-term average.

New Jersey Monthly Climatology of Billion-Dollar Disasters (47 years)

Monthly climatology of Billion-Dollar Disasters
MonthDroughtFloodingFreezeSevere StormTropical CycloneWildfireWinter StormTotal
Jan3001001014
Feb300600514
Mar410600213
Apr4001000014
May400700011
Jun610910017
Jul700410012
Aug700140012
Sep600070013
Oct51001018
Nov50000005
Dec31100027

New Jersey Monthly Probability of Billion-Dollar Disasters

Monthly probability of Billion-Dollar Disasters
Month1+ Events2+ Events3+ Events4+ Events5+ Events
Jan24%4%2%0%0%
Feb29%2%0%0%0%
Mar27%2%0%0%0%
Apr24%4%2%0%0%
May22%2%0%0%0%
Jun27%11%0%0%0%
Jul22%4%0%0%0%
Aug24%2%0%0%0%
Sep27%2%0%0%0%
Oct16%2%0%0%0%
Nov11%0%0%0%0%
Dec16%0%0%0%0%
Total Events
82
Total Cost
$50B–100B
Average Cost / Event
$750M–999M

New Jersey Cost (cumulative monthly)

Cumulative monthly costs represented in the New Jersey chart
SeriesMonthCumulative cost
2020January$0
2020February$5M–100M
2020March$5M–100M
2020April$100M–250M
2020May$100M–250M
2020June$100M–250M
2020July$100M–250M
2020August$1B–2B
2020September$1B–2B
2020October$1B–2B
2020November$1B–2B
2020December$1B–2B
2007January$0
2007February$0
2007March$0
2007April$1B–2B
2007May$1B–2B
2007June$1B–2B
2007July$1B–2B
2007August$1B–2B
2007September$1B–2B
2007October$1B–2B
2007November$1B–2B
2007December$1B–2B
2010January$0
2010February$5M–100M
2010March$1B–2B
2010April$1B–2B
2010May$1B–2B
2010June$1B–2B
2010July$1B–2B
2010August$1B–2B
2010September$1B–2B
2010October$1B–2B
2010November$1B–2B
2010December$1B–2B
1984January$0
1984February$0
1984March$0
1984April$750M–999M
1984May$750M–999M
1984June$750M–999M
1984July$750M–999M
1984August$750M–999M
1984September$750M–999M
1984October$750M–999M
1984November$750M–999M
1984December$750M–999M
1985January$5M–100M
1985February$5M–100M
1985March$5M–100M
1985April$5M–100M
1985May$5M–100M
1985June$5M–100M
1985July$5M–100M
1985August$5M–100M
1985September$750M–999M
1985October$750M–999M
1985November$750M–999M
1985December$750M–999M
1996January$500M–750M
1996February$500M–750M
1996March$500M–750M
1996April$500M–750M
1996May$500M–750M
1996June$500M–750M
1996July$500M–750M
1996August$500M–750M
1996September$500M–750M
1996October$500M–750M
1996November$500M–750M
1996December$500M–750M
2024January$100M–250M
2024February$250M–500M
2024March$250M–500M
2024April$250M–500M
2024May$250M–500M
2024June$250M–500M
2024July$500M–750M
2024August$500M–750M
2024September$500M–750M
2024October$500M–750M
2024November$500M–750M
2024December$500M–750M
2015January$0
2015February$250M–500M
2015March$250M–500M
2015April$250M–500M
2015May$250M–500M
2015June$500M–750M
2015July$500M–750M
2015August$500M–750M
2015September$500M–750M
2015October$500M–750M
2015November$500M–750M
2015December$500M–750M
2018January$100M–250M
2018February$100M–250M
2018March$250M–500M
2018April$250M–500M
2018May$500M–750M
2018June$500M–750M
2018July$500M–750M
2018August$500M–750M
2018September$500M–750M
2018October$500M–750M
2018November$500M–750M
2018December$500M–750M
2023January$0
2023February$5M–100M
2023March$5M–100M
2023April$100M–250M
2023May$100M–250M
2023June$250M–500M
2023July$250M–500M
2023August$250M–500M
2023September$250M–500M
2023October$250M–500M
2023November$250M–500M
2023December$250M–500M
2022January$0
2022February$0
2022March$0
2022April$5M–100M
2022May$100M–250M
2022June$100M–250M
2022July$100M–250M
2022August$100M–250M
2022September$100M–250M
2022October$100M–250M
2022November$100M–250M
2022December$250M–500M
1993January$0
1993February$0
1993March$250M–500M
1993April$250M–500M
1993May$250M–500M
1993June$250M–500M
1993July$250M–500M
1993August$250M–500M
1993September$250M–500M
1993October$250M–500M
1993November$250M–500M
1993December$250M–500M
2014January$250M–500M
2014February$250M–500M
2014March$250M–500M
2014April$250M–500M
2014May$250M–500M
2014June$250M–500M
2014July$250M–500M
2014August$250M–500M
2014September$250M–500M
2014October$250M–500M
2014November$250M–500M
2014December$250M–500M
2025January$0
2025February$5M–100M
2025March$5M–100M
2025April$5M–100M
2025May$5M–100M
2025June$100M–250M
2025July$250M–500M
2025August$250M–500M
2025September$250M–500M
2025October$250M–500M
2025November$250M–500M
2025December$250M–500M
1994January$100M–250M
1994February$250M–500M
1994March$250M–500M
1994April$250M–500M
1994May$250M–500M
1994June$250M–500M
1994July$250M–500M
1994August$250M–500M
1994September$250M–500M
1994October$250M–500M
1994November$250M–500M
1994December$250M–500M
2008January$0
2008February$0
2008March$0
2008April$0
2008May$0
2008June$5M–100M
2008July$5M–100M
2008August$5M–100M
2008September$5M–100M
2008October$5M–100M
2008November$5M–100M
2008December$100M–250M
1997January$0
1997February$0
1997March$100M–250M
1997April$100M–250M
1997May$100M–250M
1997June$100M–250M
1997July$100M–250M
1997August$100M–250M
1997September$100M–250M
1997October$100M–250M
1997November$100M–250M
1997December$100M–250M
2003January$0
2003February$0
2003March$0
2003April$0
2003May$0
2003June$0
2003July$0
2003August$0
2003September$100M–250M
2003October$100M–250M
2003November$100M–250M
2003December$100M–250M
2004January$0
2004February$0
2004March$0
2004April$0
2004May$0
2004June$0
2004July$0
2004August$0
2004September$100M–250M
2004October$100M–250M
2004November$100M–250M
2004December$100M–250M
2006January$0
2006February$0
2006March$0
2006April$0
2006May$0
2006June$100M–250M
2006July$100M–250M
2006August$100M–250M
2006September$100M–250M
2006October$100M–250M
2006November$100M–250M
2006December$100M–250M
2002January$0
2002February$0
2002March$0
2002April$0
2002May$0
2002June$0
2002July$0
2002August$0
2002September$0
2002October$0
2002November$100M–250M
2002December$100M–250M
2001January$0
2001February$0
2001March$0
2001April$0
2001May$0
2001June$100M–250M
2001July$100M–250M
2001August$100M–250M
2001September$100M–250M
2001October$100M–250M
2001November$100M–250M
2001December$100M–250M
2019January$0
2019February$100M–250M
2019March$100M–250M
2019April$100M–250M
2019May$100M–250M
2019June$100M–250M
2019July$100M–250M
2019August$100M–250M
2019September$100M–250M
2019October$100M–250M
2019November$100M–250M
2019December$100M–250M
2016January$0
2016February$5M–100M
2016March$5M–100M
2016April$5M–100M
2016May$5M–100M
2016June$5M–100M
2016July$100M–250M
2016August$100M–250M
2016September$100M–250M
2016October$100M–250M
2016November$100M–250M
2016December$100M–250M
1998January$0
1998February$0
1998March$0
1998April$0
1998May$0
1998June$5M–100M
1998July$5M–100M
1998August$5M–100M
1998September$5M–100M
1998October$5M–100M
1998November$5M–100M
1998December$5M–100M
1983January$0
1983February$0
1983March$0
1983April$0
1983May$0
1983June$0
1983July$0
1983August$0
1983September$0
1983October$0
1983November$0
1983December$5M–100M
1982January$5M–100M
1982February$5M–100M
1982March$5M–100M
1982April$5M–100M
1982May$5M–100M
1982June$5M–100M
1982July$5M–100M
1982August$5M–100M
1982September$5M–100M
1982October$5M–100M
1982November$5M–100M
1982December$5M–100M
1995January$0
1995February$0
1995March$0
1995April$0
1995May$0
1995June$0
1995July$0
1995August$0
1995September$5M–100M
1995October$5M–100M
1995November$5M–100M
1995December$5M–100M
1980January$0
1980February$0
1980March$0
1980April$0
1980May$0
1980June$0
1980July$0
1980August$0
1980September$0
1980October$0
1980November$0
1980December$0
1981January$0
1981February$0
1981March$0
1981April$0
1981May$0
1981June$0
1981July$0
1981August$0
1981September$0
1981October$0
1981November$0
1981December$0
1986January$0
1986February$0
1986March$0
1986April$0
1986May$0
1986June$0
1986July$0
1986August$0
1986September$0
1986October$0
1986November$0
1986December$0
1987January$0
1987February$0
1987March$0
1987April$0
1987May$0
1987June$0
1987July$0
1987August$0
1987September$0
1987October$0
1987November$0
1987December$0
1988January$0
1988February$0
1988March$0
1988April$0
1988May$0
1988June$0
1988July$0
1988August$0
1988September$0
1988October$0
1988November$0
1988December$0
1989January$0
1989February$0
1989March$0
1989April$0
1989May$0
1989June$0
1989July$0
1989August$0
1989September$0
1989October$0
1989November$0
1989December$0
1990January$0
1990February$0
1990March$0
1990April$0
1990May$0
1990June$0
1990July$0
1990August$0
1990September$0
1990October$0
1990November$0
1990December$0
1991January$0
1991February$0
1991March$0
1991April$0
1991May$0
1991June$0
1991July$0
1991August$0
1991September$0
1991October$0
1991November$0
1991December$0
2000January$0
2000February$0
2000March$0
2000April$0
2000May$0
2000June$0
2000July$0
2000August$0
2000September$0
2000October$0
2000November$0
2000December$0
2005January$0
2005February$0
2005March$0
2005April$0
2005May$0
2005June$0
2005July$0
2005August$0
2005September$0
2005October$0
2005November$0
2005December$0
2009January$0
2009February$0
2009March$0
2009April$0
2009May$0
2009June$0
2009July$0
2009August$0
2009September$0
2009October$0
2009November$0
2009December$0
2013January$0
2013February$0
2013March$0
2013April$0
2013May$0
2013June$0
2013July$0
2013August$0
2013September$0
2013October$0
2013November$0
2013December$0
2017January$0
2017February$0
2017March$0
2017April$0
2017May$0
2017June$0
2017July$0
2017August$0
2017September$0
2017October$0
2017November$0
2017December$0
2012January$0
2012February$0
2012March$0
2012April$0
2012May$0
2012June$0
2012July$100M–250M
2012August$100M–250M
2012September$100M–250M
2012October$20B–50B
2012November$20B–50B
2012December$20B–50B
2021January$0
2021February$0
2021March$5M–100M
2021April$5M–100M
2021May$5M–100M
2021June$5M–100M
2021July$250M–500M
2021August$250M–500M
2021September$10B–20B
2021October$10B–20B
2021November$10B–20B
2021December$10B–20B
2011January$0
2011February$0
2011March$0
2011April$0
2011May$0
2011June$0
2011July$0
2011August$5B–10B
2011September$5B–10B
2011October$5B–10B
2011November$5B–10B
2011December$5B–10B
1992January$0
1992February$0
1992March$0
1992April$0
1992May$0
1992June$0
1992July$0
1992August$0
1992September$0
1992October$0
1992November$0
1992December$2B–5B
1999January$250M–500M
1999February$250M–500M
1999March$250M–500M
1999April$250M–500M
1999May$250M–500M
1999June$250M–500M
1999July$250M–500M
1999August$250M–500M
1999September$1B–2B
1999October$1B–2B
1999November$1B–2B
1999December$1B–2B
2026January$100M–250M
2026February$250M–500M
2026March$250M–500M
2026April$250M–500M
2026May$250M–500M
2026June$250M–500M
AverageJanuary$5M–100M
AverageFebruary$5M–100M
AverageMarch$100M–250M
AverageApril$100M–250M
AverageMay$100M–250M
AverageJune$100M–250M
AverageJuly$100M–250M
AverageAugust$250M–500M
AverageSeptember$500M–750M
AverageOctober$1B–2B
AverageNovember$1B–2B
AverageDecember$1B–2B

New Jersey Events (cumulative monthly)

Cumulative monthly event counts represented in the New Jersey chart
SeriesMonthCumulative events
2021January0
2021February0
2021March2
2021April2
2021May2
2021June2
2021July3
2021August3
2021September4
2021October4
2021November4
2021December4
2011January0
2011February0
2011March0
2011April0
2011May0
2011June0
2011July0
2011August1
2011September2
2011October3
2011November3
2011December3
2012January0
2012February0
2012March0
2012April0
2012May0
2012June0
2012July1
2012August1
2012September1
2012October2
2012November2
2012December3
2015January0
2015February1
2015March1
2015April1
2015May1
2015June2
2015July2
2015August2
2015September2
2015October3
2015November3
2015December3
2022January0
2022February0
2022March0
2022April1
2022May2
2022June2
2022July2
2022August2
2022September2
2022October2
2022November2
2022December3
2025January0
2025February1
2025March1
2025April1
2025May1
2025June2
2025July3
2025August3
2025September3
2025October3
2025November3
2025December3
1985January1
1985February1
1985March1
1985April1
1985May1
1985June1
1985July1
1985August1
1985September2
1985October2
1985November2
1985December2
1994January1
1994February2
1994March2
1994April2
1994May2
1994June2
1994July2
1994August2
1994September2
1994October2
1994November2
1994December2
1998January0
1998February0
1998March0
1998April0
1998May0
1998June2
1998July2
1998August2
1998September2
1998October2
1998November2
1998December2
2004January0
2004February0
2004March0
2004April0
2004May0
2004June0
2004July0
2004August0
2004September2
2004October2
2004November2
2004December2
2007January0
2007February0
2007March0
2007April1
2007May1
2007June1
2007July1
2007August1
2007September1
2007October1
2007November2
2007December2
2008January0
2008February0
2008March0
2008April0
2008May0
2008June1
2008July1
2008August1
2008September1
2008October1
2008November1
2008December2
2010January0
2010February1
2010March2
2010April2
2010May2
2010June2
2010July2
2010August2
2010September2
2010October2
2010November2
2010December2
2014January1
2014February1
2014March1
2014April1
2014May2
2014June2
2014July2
2014August2
2014September2
2014October2
2014November2
2014December2
2016January0
2016February1
2016March1
2016April1
2016May1
2016June1
2016July2
2016August2
2016September2
2016October2
2016November2
2016December2
2019January0
2019February1
2019March1
2019April1
2019May2
2019June2
2019July2
2019August2
2019September2
2019October2
2019November2
2019December2
1982January1
1982February1
1982March1
1982April1
1982May1
1982June1
1982July1
1982August1
1982September1
1982October1
1982November1
1982December1
1983January0
1983February0
1983March0
1983April0
1983May0
1983June0
1983July0
1983August0
1983September0
1983October0
1983November0
1983December1
1984January0
1984February0
1984March0
1984April1
1984May1
1984June1
1984July1
1984August1
1984September1
1984October1
1984November1
1984December1
1992January0
1992February0
1992March0
1992April0
1992May0
1992June0
1992July0
1992August0
1992September0
1992October0
1992November0
1992December1
1993January0
1993February0
1993March1
1993April1
1993May1
1993June1
1993July1
1993August1
1993September1
1993October1
1993November1
1993December1
1995January0
1995February0
1995March0
1995April0
1995May0
1995June0
1995July0
1995August0
1995September1
1995October1
1995November1
1995December1
1996January1
1996February1
1996March1
1996April1
1996May1
1996June1
1996July1
1996August1
1996September1
1996October1
1996November1
1996December1
1997January0
1997February0
1997March1
1997April1
1997May1
1997June1
1997July1
1997August1
1997September1
1997October1
1997November1
1997December1
2001January0
2001February0
2001March0
2001April0
2001May0
2001June1
2001July1
2001August1
2001September1
2001October1
2001November1
2001December1
2002January0
2002February0
2002March0
2002April0
2002May0
2002June0
2002July0
2002August0
2002September0
2002October0
2002November1
2002December1
2003January0
2003February0
2003March0
2003April0
2003May0
2003June0
2003July0
2003August0
2003September1
2003October1
2003November1
2003December1
2006January0
2006February0
2006March0
2006April0
2006May0
2006June1
2006July1
2006August1
2006September1
2006October1
2006November1
2006December1
1980January0
1980February0
1980March0
1980April0
1980May0
1980June0
1980July0
1980August0
1980September0
1980October0
1980November0
1980December0
1981January0
1981February0
1981March0
1981April0
1981May0
1981June0
1981July0
1981August0
1981September0
1981October0
1981November0
1981December0
1986January0
1986February0
1986March0
1986April0
1986May0
1986June0
1986July0
1986August0
1986September0
1986October0
1986November0
1986December0
1987January0
1987February0
1987March0
1987April0
1987May0
1987June0
1987July0
1987August0
1987September0
1987October0
1987November0
1987December0
1988January0
1988February0
1988March0
1988April0
1988May0
1988June0
1988July0
1988August0
1988September0
1988October0
1988November0
1988December0
1989January0
1989February0
1989March0
1989April0
1989May0
1989June0
1989July0
1989August0
1989September0
1989October0
1989November0
1989December0
1990January0
1990February0
1990March0
1990April0
1990May0
1990June0
1990July0
1990August0
1990September0
1990October0
1990November0
1990December0
1991January0
1991February0
1991March0
1991April0
1991May0
1991June0
1991July0
1991August0
1991September0
1991October0
1991November0
1991December0
2000January0
2000February0
2000March0
2000April0
2000May0
2000June0
2000July0
2000August0
2000September0
2000October0
2000November0
2000December0
2005January0
2005February0
2005March0
2005April0
2005May0
2005June0
2005July0
2005August0
2005September0
2005October0
2005November0
2005December0
2009January0
2009February0
2009March0
2009April0
2009May0
2009June0
2009July0
2009August0
2009September0
2009October0
2009November0
2009December0
2013January0
2013February0
2013March0
2013April0
2013May0
2013June0
2013July0
2013August0
2013September0
2013October0
2013November0
2013December0
2017January0
2017February0
2017March0
2017April0
2017May0
2017June0
2017July0
2017August0
2017September0
2017October0
2017November0
2017December0
2024 (10)January2
2024 (10)February3
2024 (10)March3
2024 (10)April5
2024 (10)May6
2024 (10)June7
2024 (10)July8
2024 (10)August9
2024 (10)September9
2024 (10)October9
2024 (10)November9
2024 (10)December10
2023 (5)January0
2023 (5)February1
2023 (5)March1
2023 (5)April2
2023 (5)May2
2023 (5)June3
2023 (5)July3
2023 (5)August4
2023 (5)September4
2023 (5)October4
2023 (5)November4
2023 (5)December5
1999 (4)January2
1999 (4)February2
1999 (4)March2
1999 (4)April2
1999 (4)May2
1999 (4)June2
1999 (4)July2
1999 (4)August3
1999 (4)September4
1999 (4)October4
1999 (4)November4
1999 (4)December4
2018 (4)January1
2018 (4)February1
2018 (4)March2
2018 (4)April3
2018 (4)May4
2018 (4)June4
2018 (4)July4
2018 (4)August4
2018 (4)September4
2018 (4)October4
2018 (4)November4
2018 (4)December4
2020 (4)January0
2020 (4)February1
2020 (4)March1
2020 (4)April3
2020 (4)May3
2020 (4)June3
2020 (4)July3
2020 (4)August4
2020 (4)September4
2020 (4)October4
2020 (4)November4
2020 (4)December4
2026 (4)January1
2026 (4)February2
2026 (4)March3
2026 (4)April3
2026 (4)May4
2026 (4)June4
AverageJanuary0.234
AverageFebruary0.447
AverageMarch0.596
AverageApril0.787
AverageMay0.915
AverageJune1.106
AverageJuly1.213
AverageAugust1.319
AverageSeptember1.489
AverageOctober1.553
AverageNovember1.596
AverageDecember1.745

New Jersey's Billion-Dollar Disasters

1982–2026CPI-Adjusted Costs
82
Events
Showing 82 events from 1982–2026
Severe storm

Central Tornado Outbreak

Cost:$1.1B
A tornado and severe weather outbreak swept the central Plains and expanded eastward, producing tornadoes, large hail, damaging winds, and heavy rainfall across multiple states. The most intense activity occurred May 17-18, when 61 tornadoes were confirmed across Nebraska and Kansas, headlined by a high-end EF-3 north of St. Libory, Nebraska, that stayed destroyed homes, vehicles, outbuildings, and power infrastructure. In total, at least 61 tornadoes were confirmed, including one EF-3, 24 EF-1, 15 EF-0 and 21 EF-U. By May 19-20, the system shifted east into Ohio, Pennsylvania, New Jersey and New York, with impacts primarily from damaging winds.
Severe storm

Central and Eastern Tornado Outbreak and Severe Storms

Cost:$1.7B
On March 15 and 16, a tornado outbreak and severe storm system swept across multiple states in the Central and Eastern United States. On March 15 alone, more than 50 tornadoes were reported, with the greatest concentration across southern Illinois, western Kentucky, northeast Arkansas, and southeast Missouri. These storms caused widespread damage to homes, businesses, vehicles, and critical infrastructure. In many areas, communities also faced downed trees and power lines, leading to road closures and power outages.
Winter storm

Northeast Winter Storm / Cold Wave

Cost:$1.2B
A storm system moved through the Great Lakes region and northeastern United States between February 9-12, bringing significant snowfall, dangerous wind chills, and gusty winds across multiple states. New York and Pennsylvania saw extreme conditions, with wind chills below -20°F. Connecticut declared its longest cold-weather emergency since 2015. Other states including Massachusetts, New Jersey and Ohio experienced significant water pipe damage from freezing temperatures.
Winter storm

Central and Eastern Winter Storm

Cost:$4.5B
Deaths:171
Between January 23 and 26, a major winter storm brought significant snow and ice across the Central and Eastern United States, extending into parts of the Deep South. The event was notable for its extreme cold, with daily record low temperatures recorded across Oklahoma, Texas, Arkansas, Missouri, Wisconsin, Kansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama. High winds, prolonged cold, and heavy snow and ice caused widespread damage to homes, businesses, and vehicles, along with extensive impacts to trees and power lines. In some areas, including parts of northern Mississippi, power outages persisted for more than two weeks.
Severe storm

North Central and Eastern Severe Storms

Cost:$1.1B
Deaths:4
Severe storms producing damaging winds, large hail, and tornadoes caused widespread damage across several north-central and eastern states. The storm system persisted for multiple days, stretching from Minnesota to Virginia, with additional impacts in Pennsylvania, Maryland, New Jersey, and Connecticut.
Severe storm

North Central and Northeast Severe Storms

Cost:$2.9B
Deaths:7
A damaging severe weather event impacted many North Central and Northeastern states between June 15 and 19 delivering a combination of high winds, hail and isolated tornadoes. Over 1,400 confirmed damage reports were received by the National Weather Service over this multi-day event with thunderstorm high wind damage constituting the majority of the reports. There were also more than 60 tornado reports concentrated in central Minnesota and Illinois.
Severe storm

Southeastern Severe Storms

Cost:$1.6B
Deaths:18
On February 15 and 16, a powerful storm system swept through the Southeast, with impacts reported across Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, Tennessee and Kentucky. An EF-2 tornado damaged homes, farms, agriculture and other infrastructure in Gibson County, Tennessee. In Franklin County, Alabama, a second EF-2 tornado caused damage to homes, vehicles, agriculture and other infrastructure. Several EF-1 tornadoes also impacted homes, vehicles, businesses and agriculture in the Mississippi counties of Itawamba, Lee, Hinds, Newton and Lauderdale. There were also a few states on the northern half of this system that experienced less costly damage from high winds and some snow and ice accumulation.
Drought

Southern/Eastern/Northwestern Drought and Heat Wave

Cost:$5.7B
Deaths:136
Drought conditions impacted many Southern, Eastern and Northwestern states. This drought was more transient in its impacts over numerous states throughout the year. The states of Texas, Oklahoma and Kansas had some of the highest losses to crops from the effects of drought and heat. As the drought changed in intensity and duration throughout the year across several regions of the country. Several Northwestern states also had costly impacted to agriculture including Montana, Idaho and Washington. Numerous southern and eastern states from Mississippi through Pennsylvania also experienced crop impacts that were most severe in the Summer months. The drought conditions also strengthen through the Fall and Winter months impacting Maryland, Delaware and New Jersey. It was also one of the hottest years on record for a number of these states, which claimed more than 100 lives from excessive heat exposure.
Tropical cyclone

Hurricane Debby

Cost:$2.6B
Deaths:17
Category 1 Hurricane Debby made landfall on August 5 near Steinhatchee, Florida with 80 mph sustained winds and a second landfall near Bulls Bay, South Carolina as a tropical storm on August 8. Debby produced over 10 inches of rainfall from southwestern Florida up through the coastal sections of Georgia and the Carolinas. Debby continued to track up the East Coast affecting numerous states with heavy rain, flash flood and river flooding and strong winds. A frontal system merged with the remnants of Debby that led to flash flooding in parts of Pennsylvania, New Jersey and southeastern New York. This interaction also produced an EF-1 tornado that impacted Buffalo, New York.
Severe storm

Central and Eastern Tornado Outbreak and Severe Weather

Cost:$2.6B
Deaths:2
An outbreak producing more than 79 tornadoes developed across many central and eastern states. There were also over 1,000 reports of high wind and hail damage during this multi-day event. On July 15, this outbreak spawned 32 tornadoes and broke the Chicago-area record for the most tornadoes in a day. The states most impacted were Illinois, Indiana, Minnesota, Pennsylvania and New York that experienced considerable damage to homes, businesses, vehicles and other infrastructure.
Severe storm

Central and Northeast Severe Weather

Cost:$1.8B
Deaths:3
High wind, hail and tornadoes impact numerous central and northeastern states on June 24-26. Several states were impacted by tornadoes including Nebraska, Iowa, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island and Massachusetts. On June 25, an EF-3 tornado hit Whitman, Nebraska and the surrounding area. It was the first strong tornado to impact Grant County, Nebraska in more than 70 years. On June 26, a tornado that impacted Providence County, Rhode Island was the first June tornado reported in the state since records began in 1950.
Severe storm

Central, Southern, Eastern Severe Weather

Cost:$5.2B
Deaths:5
Severe storms across many central, southern and eastern states produced widespread impacts from several dozen tornadoes, severe hail and high winds. The states most impacted were Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, Iowa and Wisconsin, as each experienced considerable damage to homes, vehicles, businesses, agriculture and additional infrastructure. On May 21, an EF-4 tornado cut a 44-mile path across southeast Iowa, with peak wind speeds of 175-185 mph. The town of Greenfield, Iowa was heavily damaged. Multiple 'Particularly Dangerous Situation (PDS)' watches were issued by NOAA's National Weather Service for these states, during this multi-day sequence. Several eastern states also sustained high wind damage from these storms.
Severe storm

Southern and Eastern Severe Weather

Cost:$2.9B
Southern and eastern severe weather produced tornadoes, hail and high wind, from Texas to Virginia. The event began with severe hail and high wind impacts across central and eastern Texas, followed by more than 20 tornadoes impacting the Gulf Coast counties of Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama and Florida. There were additional high wind and tornado impacts in North Carolina and Virginia.
Severe storm

Central Tornado Outbreak and Eastern Severe Weather

Cost:$2.6B
Deaths:3
A central tornado outbreak produced more than 85 tornadoes across a three-day period from Oklahoma to West Virginia. This outbreak included 19 EF-0, 52 EF-1 and 14 EF-2 tornadoes, which were most concentrated across the Ohio River Valley on April 1-2. These tornadoes and severe weather impacts across several eastern states caused damage to homes, businesses, vehicles and other infrastructure.
Severe storm

Central and Eastern Severe Weather

Cost:$1.6B
Severe storms produced two dozen tornadoes, hail and high wind impacts across northern Illinois, central Ohio and southern Michigan. There were additional high wind impacts focused across northern Kentucky and northern Georgia causing damage to homes, vehicles, businesses and other infrastructure.
Winter storm

Central, Southern, Northeastern Winter Storm and Cold Wave

Cost:$2.1B
Deaths:41
A bitterly cold airmass affected numerous central and southern states most including Illinois, Missouri, Kansas, Texas, Mississippi, Arkansas, Tennessee and Georgia. This long-duration cold wave produced sleet and freezing rain accumulations into the deep south, across much of Mississippi. High winds also pushed wind chills well below zero for many states contributing to dozens of fatalities, many in Tennessee. Damage also occurred to homes, vehicles and businesses from the high winds and frozen precipitation.
Severe storm

Southern Tornado Outbreak and East Coast Storm

Cost:$2.9B
Deaths:3
Southern tornado outbreak and east coast storm impacted more than a dozen states. At least 39 preliminary tornadoes were clustered around the Florida Panhandle through the Carolinas while hundreds of high wind reports were scattered up the East Coast reflecting damage to homes, businesses, vehicles and other infrastructure. The strongest tornado was an EF-3 that caused significant damage around Panama City Beach, Florida, after an intense waterspout moved onshore.
Flooding

East Coast Storm and Flooding

Cost:$1.4B
Deaths:5
Powerful east coast storm from Florida to Maine produced widespread impacts from heavy rainfall, flooding, high winds and coastal erosion. The heavy rainfall and snowmelt were amplified by record-high temperatures in the Northeast.
Severe storm

Northeastern and Eastern Severe Weather

Cost:$1.8B
Deaths:4
More than one thousand reports of high wind, severe hail or tornadoes across many Northeastern and Eastern states. August 7 was a prolific day of severe weather with damage reports from Georgia to New York. These storms caused impacts to many homes, vehicles, businesses, agriculture and other infrastructure.
Severe storm

Rockies Hail Storms and Central and Eastern Severe Weather

Cost:$5.8B
Deaths:8
Severe hail storms across Colorado damaged many homes, vehicles and injured approximately 100 people at a large outdoor concert. This multi-day outbreak of severe weather also produced more than 60 tornadoes across portions of Wyoming, Colorado, Minnesota, Indiana, Kentucky and Arkansas that caused damage to homes, businesses, vehicles, agriculture and other infrastructure.
Severe storm

Central Tornado Outbreak and Eastern Severe Weather

Cost:$6.3B
Deaths:33
A historic tornado outbreak across numerous central states caused widespread damage from at least 145 tornadoes. States most impacted were Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, Missouri, Iowa, Arkansas, Tennessee and Pennsylvania where there was severe damage to homes, businesses, vehicles, agriculture and other infrastructure.
Winter storm

Northeastern Winter Storm/Cold Wave

Cost:$1.9B
Deaths:1
A strong winter storm produced snow, high winds and bitter cold across numerous Northeastern states. High winds caused widespread power outages in Massachusetts while Mount Washington, New Hampshire observed a wind chill temperature of -108 degrees Fahrenheit. This was one of the coldest wind chill temperatures ever recorded in the United States.
Winter storm

Central and Eastern Winter Storm and Cold Wave

Cost:$9.5B
Deaths:87
Historic winter storm and powerful arctic front caused significant impact across much of the nation, bringing heavy rains, snow, ice and high winds that sent temperatures plummeting. More than 200 million people were under a winter weather advisory or warning and more than a million customers, from Texas to Maine, were left without power. Buffalo, New York was paralyzed by near hurricane force winds and continuous snow squalls, which contributed to dozens of fatalities in the region. Additional impacts were widespread frozen water pipes that led to extensive water damage in many homes, businesses and to other critical infrastructure.
Severe storm

North Central Hail Storms

Cost:$2.8B
Severe hail storms with numerous reports of golf-balled sized hail causing damage across southeastern Minnesota and western Wisconsin. These hail storms were south of the hail storms that damaged many homes, vehicles and businesses just 10 days earlier on May 9.
Severe storm

Southeast Tornado Outbreak

Cost:$1.6B
Deaths:3
A tornado outbreak on April 4-6 with a combined 100 preliminary tornadoes reported. The tornadoes occurred across Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, Florida and South Carolina. Many of these tornadoes were clustered along the southern regions of Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia and South Carolina. During this three-day period many of these tornadoes were rated as either EF-1 or EF-0, but there were also nine EF-2, three EF-3 and one EF-4 tornado. This EF-4 occurred in Pembroke, Georgia on April 5th with winds of 185 mph that destroyed several neighborhoods. Many of the other tornadoes across the South caused considerable damage to homes, businesses, vehicles, and other infrastructure.
Tropical cyclone

Hurricane Ida

Cost:$89.8B
Deaths:96
Category 4 Hurricane Ida made landfall near Port Fourchon, Louisiana with maximum sustained winds of 150 mph (240km/h) and a minimum central pressure of 930 mb. Ida was one of three hurricanes in recorded history to make landfall in Louisiana with 150 mph winds, along with Hurricane Laura in 2020 and the 'Last Island' hurricane of 1856. Grand Isle, Louisiana took a direct hit with 100% of its homes damaged and nearly 40% were nearly-to-completely destroyed. There was heavy damage to the energy infrastructure across southern Louisiana causing widespread, long duration power outages to millions of people. Parts of New Orleans were without power for nearly a week due to the widespread damage. As the remnants of Ida moved into the Northeast it merged with a frontal system creating severe weather and flash flooding across a wide region from eastern Pennsylvania to New York. Flash flood emergencies were declared in New Jersey and New York for the first time, producing damage to homes, businesses, vehicles and infrastructure while also causing dozens of fatalities.
Tropical cyclone

Tropical Storm Elsa

Cost:$1.5B
Deaths:1
Tropical Storm Elsa made landfall in Taylor County, Florida producing heavy rain, wind, flooding and tornadoes in portions of Florida, Georgia and the Carolinas, as well as flooding across parts of the Northeast. Southern New England and New York's Long Island experienced flash flooding, leading to impassable roads, stranded vehicles and disruption. Elsa was the earliest fifth-named storm on record.
Severe storm

Eastern Severe Weather

Cost:$1.7B
Deaths:8
Severe weather producing hail, high wind and more than two dozen tornadoes impacted numerous states including Arkansas, Alabama, Georgia, Mississippi, South Carolina, North Carolina and Virginia. Tennessee was also affected with significant flooding in Nashville and surrounding areas that damaged businesses, homes and vehicles. There were also many high wind damage reports across Pennsylvania, Maryland and New Jersey.
Severe storm

Southeast Tornadoes and Severe Weather

Cost:$2.1B
Deaths:6
At least 41 tornadoes impact several states including Kentucky, Tennessee, Mississippi, Alabama and Georgia. These included one EF-4, four EF-3s, ten EF-2s and approximately two-dozen EF-1 or EF-0 tornadoes. The strongest of these tornadoes were focused across central Alabama and western Georgia with tracks across the entire width of Alabama. There was widespread damage to homes, businesses, vehicles and infrastructure.
Tropical cyclone

Hurricane Isaias

Cost:$6.1B
Deaths:16
Hurricane Isaias made landfall in southeastern North Carolina as a category 1 storm. Isaias accelerated up the East Coast, resulting in widespread damage and power outages across New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania. There was also considerable inland flooding most notably in Pennsylvania. In addition, 34 tornadoes developed across North Carolina, Virginia, Maryland, Delaware and New Jersey due to Isaias. Many tornadoes were weaker (EF-0 and EF-1) producing scattered damage to agriculture, structures and residences. Isaias also produced several EF-2 tornadoes and one EF-3 tornado that caused damage in coastal North Carolina and Virginia.
Severe storm

Central, Southern and Eastern Severe Weather

Cost:$1.3B
Deaths:1
Severe weather across many Central, Southern and Eastern states produced primarily large hail and high winds that caused widespread damage to many homes, vehicles and businesses. The states affected included Oklahoma, Texas, Missouri, Arkansas, Louisiana, Virginia, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Delaware and New Jersey.
Severe storm

Southeast and Eastern Tornado Outbreak

Cost:$4.5B
Deaths:35
Outbreak of at least 140 tornadoes from Texas to Maryland including 3 EF4s, 12 EF3s, 20 EF2s, 77 EF1s and 28 EF0s. Damage was extensive and highly destructive to many homes, vehicles and businesses across more than a dozen Southeast and Eastern states.
Severe storm

South, East and Northeast Severe Weather

Cost:$1.6B
Deaths:3
Severe weather across many South, East and Northeastern states including AL, FL, GA, SC, LA, MS, TN, NC, VA, PA, RI, NY, NJ, MD and MA. There were more than 20 tornadoes clustered across central Mississippi into Tennessee. There were also hundreds of high wind damage reports from Florida to New Jersey, with the Carolinas and Florida receiving the most costly damage.
Severe storm

Rockies, Central and Northeast Tornadoes and Severe Weather

Cost:$6.0B
Deaths:3
A four-day tornado outbreak impacts many states across the Rockies, Central and Northeast (CO, WY, NE, KS, OK, MO, IA, IL, IN, OH, PA and NJ). This outbreak produced 190 tornadoes in addition to hundreds of reports of damaging hail and straight-line thunderstorm winds. Of particular note was an EF-4 tornado that produced heavy damage near the city of Dayton, Ohio on May 27.
Severe storm

Southeast, Ohio Valley and Northeast Severe Weather

Cost:$1.6B
Deaths:2
Tornadoes, severe weather and flooding in the south (MS, AL, TN) and high-wind damage across many Ohio Valley (IL, IN, OH) and Northeastern states (CT, MD, MA, NJ, NY, PA, VA, WV). This storm system produced heavy rain that caused major flooding along parts of the Ohio, Mississippi and Tennessee rivers.
Severe storm

Central and Eastern Severe Weather

Cost:$1.8B
Deaths:5
Severe storm damage across many Central states including TX, KS, CO, OK, MO, IL, IN, IA and OH. This was followed by a derecho event across the Northeastern states of MD, NJ, NY, PA, VA, WV, MA and CT that caused widespread high wind damage. Also, there were one dozen tornadoes reported across PA, NY and CT causing further damage.
Severe storm

Southern and Eastern Tornadoes and Severe Weather

Cost:$1.8B
Deaths:3
Tornadoes and severe storms with large hail cause widespread damage across many Southern and Eastern states (AR, FL, GA, LA, MD, MI, MS, MO, NJ, NY, NC, PA, SC, TX, VA) over a multi-day period. There were over 70 confirmed tornadoes largely clustered in Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina and Virginia. This same system also caused winter storm impacts of high wind and ice accumulation in northeastern states.
Winter storm

Northeast Winter Storm

Cost:$2.9B
Deaths:9
Powerful Nor'easter impacted many Northeastern states including MD, MA, NH, NJ, NY, PA, CT, DE, RA and VA. Widespread damage resulted from the combination of high winds, heavy snow and heavy coastal erosion.
Winter storm

Central and Eastern Winter Storm

Cost:$1.4B
Deaths:22
A Nor'easter caused damage across many Northeastern states including MA, NJ, NY, CT, ME, NH, PA, MD, RI, SC, TN, VA, NC and GA.
Severe storm

Rockies and Northeast Severe Weather

Cost:$2.0B
Severe storms across the Rockies and Northeastern states (CO, WY, VA, MD, PA, NJ, NY) caused large hail and high wind damage. Storm damage in Colorado was the most costly due to hail.
Severe storm

Southeast and Eastern Tornadoes

Cost:$1.5B
Deaths:10
Early outbreak of tornadoes and severe weather across many southern and eastern states including (AL, CT, FL, GA, LA, MA, MD, MS, NC, NJ, NY, PA, SC, TX, VA). There were at least 50 confirmed tornadoes causing widespread damage.
Flooding

South Carolina and East Coast Flooding

Cost:$2.8B
Deaths:25
Historic levels of flooding impacted South Carolina causing widespread damage to many homes, businesses, public buildings and infrastructure. This interrupted commerce and closed major transportation corridors (such as I-95) for weeks as rivers slowly receded. Locally extreme rainfall totals exceeding 20-inches were common resulting from the convergence of a powerful low pressure system/frontal boundary and copious moisture from Hurricane Joaquin in the Atlantic.
Severe storm

Central and Northeast Severe Weather

Cost:$1.6B
Deaths:1
Severe storms across numerous Central and Northeast states (CO, CT, IA, IL, MD, MI, NJ, NY, PA, SD, VA, WI) with widespread hail and high wind damage.
Winter storm

Central and Eastern Winter storm, Cold Wave

Cost:$4.2B
Deaths:30
A large winter storm and associated cold wave impacted many central, eastern and northeastern states (CT, DE, GA, IL, KY, MA, MD, ME, MI, NC, NH, NJ, NY, OH, PA, RI, SC, TN, VA). The city of Boston was particularly impacted as feet of snow continued to accumulate causing load-stress on buildings and clogging transportation corridors. Total, direct losses in Massachusetts alone exceed $1.0 billion for this event, with considerable damage in many other states.
Severe storm

Midwest/Southeast/Northeast Tornadoes and Flooding

Cost:$2.5B
Deaths:33
Tornado outbreak across the Midwest, Southeast and Northeast states (AL, AR, DE, FL, GA, KS, MD, MO, MS, NC, NJ, NY, PA, TN, VA) with 83 confirmed tornadoes. Mississippi had its 3rd greatest number of tornadoes reported for any day since 1950. Torrential rainfall in the Florida panhandle also caused major flooding, as Pensacola set new 1-day and 2-day precipitation records of 15.55 and 20.47 inches, respectively. Flooding rains were also reported in coastal Alabama, as Mobile received 11.24 inches of rain, the third greatest calendar day rainfall total for the city.
Winter storm

Midwest/Southeast/Northeast Winter Storm

Cost:$3.1B
Deaths:16
Winter storm caused widespread damage across numerous Midwest, Southeast and Northeastern states (AL, GA, IL, IN, KY, MD, MI, MO, MS, NC, NJ, NY, OH, PA, SC, TN, VA).
Drought

U.S. Drought/Heat Wave

Cost:$44.1B
Deaths:123
The 2012 drought is the most extensive drought to affect the U.S. since the 1930s. Moderate to extreme drought conditions affected more than half the country for a majority of 2012. The following states were affected: CA, NV, ID, MT, WY, UT, CO, AZ, NM, TX, ND, SD, NE, KS, OK, AR, MO, IA, MN, IL, IN, GA. Costly drought impacts occurred across the central agriculture states resulting in widespread harvest failure for corn, sorghum and soybean crops, among others. The associated summer heat wave also caused 123 direct deaths, but an estimate of the excess mortality due to heat stress is still unknown.
Tropical cyclone

Hurricane Sandy

Cost:$93.7B
Deaths:159
Extensive damage across several northeastern states (MD, DE, NJ, NY, CT, MA, RI) due to high wind and coastal storm surge, particularly NY and NJ. Damage from wind, rain and heavy snow also extended more broadly to other states (NC, VA, WV, OH, PA, NH), as Sandy merged with a developing Nor'easter. Sandy's impact on major population centers caused widespread interruption to critical water/electrical services and also caused 159 deaths (72 direct, 87 indirect). Sandy also caused the New York Stock Exchange to close for two consecutive business days, which last happened in 1888 due to a major winter storm.
Severe storm

Plains/East/Northeast Derecho

Cost:$4.2B
Deaths:28
Sustained outbreak of thunderstorms/high winds from a strong derecho event over the central, eastern, and northeastern states (IL, IN, KY, OH, WV, SC, NC, VA, MD, DC, NJ).
Winter storm

Northeastern Winter Storm

Cost:$1.4B
Deaths:1
Winter storm impacts northeastern states including Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Hamsphire, New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania.
Tropical cyclone

Tropical Storm Lee

Cost:$3.7B
Deaths:21
Wind and flood damage across the southeast (LA, MS, AL, GA, TN) but considerably more damage from record flooding across the northeast (PA, NY, NJ, CT, VA, MD). Pennsylvania and New York were most affected.
Tropical cyclone

Hurricane Irene

Cost:$19.8B
Deaths:45
Category 1 hurricane made landfall over coastal NC and moved northward along the Mid-Atlantic Coast (NC, VA, MD, NJ, NY, CT, RI, MA, VT) causing torrential rainfall and flooding across the Northeast. Wind damage in coastal NC, VA, and MD was moderate with considerable damage resulting from falling trees and power lines, while flooding caused extensive flood damage across NJ, NY, and VT. Over seven million homes and businesses lost power during the storm. Numerous tornadoes were also reported in several states further adding to the damage.
Flooding

Northeast Flooding

Cost:$2.8B
Deaths:11
Heavy rainfall over portions of the Northeast in late March caused extensive flooding across several states (RI, CT, MA, NJ, NY, PA). The event caused the worst flooding in Rhode Island's history.
Winter storm

Northeast Winter Storm

Cost:$1.3B
Deaths:3
Winter storm produced 10-20 inches of snow and high wind impacts across numerous northeastern and eastern states including Pennsylvania, Maryland, Delaware, New Jersey, West Virginia, Virginia and North Carolina. These impacts were most focused in Pennsylvania and Maryland, as this winter storm closely followed a previous winter storm from the week prior.
Drought

U.S. Drought

Cost:$11.1B
Severe drought and heat caused agricultural losses across a large portion of the U.S. Record low lake levels also occurred in areas of the southeast. The states impacted include AL, AR, CA, CO, GA, ID, IN, KS, KY, MD, MN, MS, MT, NC, ND, NJ, NM, OH, OK, OR, SC, TN, TX, UT, VA, WA and WI.
Severe storm

Midwest/Mid-Atlantic Severe Weather

Cost:$2.5B
Deaths:18
An outbreak of tornadoes and thunderstorms over the Midwest/Mid-Atlantic states (IA, IL, IN, KS, NE, MI, MN, MO, OK, WI, MD, VA, WV).
Drought

Western/Eastern Drought/Heat Wave

Cost:$5.8B
Deaths:15
Severe drought with periods of extreme heat over most of the southeast and portions of the Great Plains, Ohio Valley, and Great Lakes area, resulting in major reductions in crop yields, along with very low stream-flows and lake levels. Includes states of ND, SD, NE, KS, OK, TX, MN, WI, IA, MO, AR, LA, MS, AL, GA, NC, SC, FL, TN, VA, WV, KY, IN, IL, OH, MI, PA, NY.
Severe storm

East/South Severe Weather and Flooding

Cost:$4.1B
Deaths:9
Flooding, hail, tornadoes, and severe thunderstorms across numerous states (CT, DE, GA, LA, ME, MD, MA, MS, NH, NJ, NY, NC, PA, RI, SC, TX, VT, VA) in mid-April, including 3 "killer" tornadoes.
Flooding

Northeast Flooding

Cost:$2.5B
Deaths:20
Severe flooding over portions of the northeast due to several weeks of heavy rainfall, affecting the states of NY, PA, DE, MD, NJ, and VA.
Tropical cyclone

Hurricane Jeanne

Cost:$13.2B
Deaths:28
Category 3 hurricane makes landfall in east-central Florida, causing considerable wind, storm surge, and flooding damage in FL, with some flood damage also in the states of GA, SC, NC, VA, MD, DE, NJ, PA, and NY. Puerto Rico also affected.
Tropical cyclone

Hurricane Ivan

Cost:$36.1B
Deaths:57
Category 3 hurricane makes landfall on Gulf coast of Alabama, with significant wind, storm surge, and flooding damage in coastal AL and FL panhandle, along with wind/flood damage in the states of GA, MS, LA, SC, NC, VA, WV, MD, TN, KY, OH, DE, NJ, PA, and NY.
Tropical cyclone

Hurricane Isabel

Cost:$9.9B
Deaths:55
Category 2 hurricane makes landfall in eastern North Carolina, causing considerable storm surge damage along the coasts of NC, VA, and MD, with wind damage and some flooding due to 4-12 inch rains in NC, VA, MD, DE, WV, NJ, NY, and PA.
Drought

U.S. Drought

Cost:$17.0B
Moderate to extreme drought over large portions of more than 30 states, including the western states, the Great Plains, and much of the eastern U.S.
Tropical cyclone

Tropical Storm Allison

Cost:$16.0B
Deaths:43
The persistent remnants of Tropical Storm Allison produce rainfall amounts of 30-40 inches in portions of coastal Texas and Louisiana, causing severe flooding especially in the Houston area, then moves slowly northeastward; fatalities and significant damage reported in TX, LA, MS, FL, VA, and PA
Tropical cyclone

Hurricane Floyd

Cost:$12.9B
Deaths:77
Large, category 2 hurricane makes landfall in eastern NC, causing 10-20 inch rains in 2 days, with severe flooding in NC and some flooding in SC, VA, MD, PA, NY, NJ, DE, RI, CT, MA, NH, and VT.
Drought

Eastern Drought/Heat Wave

Cost:$5.1B
Deaths:502
Very dry summer and high temperatures, mainly in eastern U.S., with extensive agricultural losses. The states impacted include AL, AR, FL, GA, KY, LA, MD, MS, NC, NJ, OH, SC, TN, VA, WV and PA.
Winter storm

Central and Eastern Winter Storm

Cost:$1.8B
Winter storm affecting the Central and Eastern states including IL, IN, OH, MI, WV, VA, MD, PA, NJ, NY, MA, CT, VT, NH and ME.
Winter storm

Central and Eastern Winter Storm

Cost:$2.1B
Deaths:25
South, Southeast, Midwest, Northeast affected by damaging winter storm
Severe storm

Central and Eastern Severe Storms and Flooding

Cost:$1.8B
Deaths:12
Severe storms and flooding impact numerous Central and Eastern states. In particular, these storms and floods affected many residences and businesses throughout north-central and eastern Ohio. More than 7,000 homes were affected and more than 1,000 structures were completely destroyed or declared uninhabitable.
Severe storm

Northern Plains and Great Lakes Derecho, Tornadoes

Cost:$2.3B
Deaths:20
Severe storms in late May through early June hit the Midwest, North, Northeast, and Southeast
Severe storm

Mississippi and Ohio Valley Severe Weather and Flooding

Cost:$2.0B
Deaths:67
Tornadoes and severe flooding hit the states of AR, MO, MS, TN, IL, IN, KY, OH, and WV, with over 10 inches of rain in 24 hours in Louisville.
Winter storm

Blizzard/Floods

Cost:$6.5B
Deaths:187
Very heavy snowstorm (1-4 feet) over Appalachians, Mid-Atlantic, and Northeast; followed by severe flooding in parts of same area due to rain and snowmelt.
Drought

Central, Southern and Northeast Drought/Heat Wave

Cost:$2.1B
Deaths:872
Historic mid-July heat wave and urban heat island amplification caused hundreds of deaths across several major cities including Chicago, Milwaukee, and Philadelphia. Following the heat wave was hot, dry weather in July and August 1995 that affected crops in numerous states, as crops had not rooted well due to late planting from previous wet soils. This left crops vulnerable to a flash drought during a key portion of the growing season.
Winter storm

Southeast Ice Storm

Cost:$6.8B
Deaths:9
Intense ice storm with extensive damage in portions of TX, OK, AR, LA, MS, AL, TN, GA, SC, NC, and VA.
Winter storm

Winter Storm, Cold Wave

Cost:$2.4B
Deaths:70
Winter storm affects the Southeast and Northeast regions. The states impacted include CT, DE, IL, IN, KY, MA, MD, ME, NC, NH, NJ, NY, OH, PA, RI, SC, TN, VA, VT and WV.
Winter storm

East Coast Blizzard and Severe Weather

Cost:$12.9B
Deaths:270
The "Storm of the Century" impacts the entire Eastern seaboard from Florida to Maine. This historic storm dumped 2-4 feet of snow and caused hurricane force winds across many Eastern and Northeastern states. This caused power outages to over 10 million households. Additional impacts included numerous tornadoes across Florida causing substantial damage. This was the most destructive and costly winter storm to affect the United States (since 1980), until it was surpassed by the February 2021 winter storm and cold wave.
Winter storm

Northeast Winter Storm

Cost:$5.8B
Deaths:19
Slow-moving winter storm batters northeast U.S. coast, with the New England region hardest hit. The states impacted include VA, MD, DE, PA, NJ, NY, CT, RI, MA and WV.
Tropical cyclone

Hurricane Gloria

Cost:$2.6B
Deaths:11
Category 2 hurricane makes several landfalls along the eastern seaboard, affecting states from North Carolina to Maine.
Winter storm

Winter Storm, Cold Wave

Cost:$2.6B
Deaths:150
Extreme cold and winter storms in the Southeast, South, Southwest, Northeast, Midwest, and North
Severe storm

Tornadoes, Severe Storms, Floods

Cost:$2.0B
Deaths:80
States in the Southeast and Northeast regions are impacted by tornadoes, severe storms, and flooding. The states impacted include GA, FL, SC, NC, VA, MD, DE, NJ, NY, PA, CT, MA and RI.
Freeze

Freeze/Cold Wave

Cost:$6.8B
Deaths:151
Severe freeze damages citrus crops across central/northern Florida. Associated cold wave over much of the U.S. causes over 100 deaths and additional damages.
Winter storm

Midwest/Southeast/Northeast Winter Storm, Cold Wave

Cost:$2.3B
Deaths:85
Winter storm and cold wave affect numerous states (AL, AR, CT, DE, FL, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, MS, NC, ND, NH, NJ, NY, OH, OK, PA, RI, SC, TN, TX, VA, VT, WI, WV) across the Midwest, Southeast and Northeast.
Showing 82 events

About State-Level Data

State-level summaries and charts on this page are derived from authoritative data that assigns costs to each affected state for every billion-dollar disaster. Those state-specific costs are shown only as binned ranges. The event cards and table list each disaster's full event cost rather than an exact state allocation.

Climate Central maintains this comprehensive database tracking U.S. weather and climate disasters since 1980 where overall damages/costs reached or exceeded $1 billion (including Consumer Price Index adjustment). As the steward of this dataset, Climate Central is committed to maintaining the scientific rigor and methodological standards established by NOAA's National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) while enhancing the dataset's utility for climate communication and public understanding of climate risks.

For more information on methodology and data sources, please visit the main Billion-Dollar Disasters page.